In August 1999, the U.S. Army awarded a five-year contract to the University of Southern California to create the Institute for Creative Technologies (ICT). The ICT's mandate is to enlist the resources and talents of the entertainment and game development industries and to work collaboratively with computer scientists to advance the state of immersive training simulation. The goal of the ICT is the creation of the Experience Learning System (ELS), which provides the ability to learn through active, as opposed to passive, systems. In addition to specific military training tasks, the ELS will have applications for a broad range of educational initiatives.